DUN (Dewan Undangan Negeri)
Malaysia's state legislative assembly. Each state elects its own DUN, and each elected representative is an ADUN.
Election reference
Malaysian election glossary
Plain-language definitions for reading federal and state election results.Parliament (Dewan Rakyat)
Malaysia's federal House of Representatives. Its 222 members are elected from single-member parliamentary constituencies.
Majority mark
Half of all seats plus one. A coalition needs 112 of 222 seats for an outright Dewan Rakyat majority.
Coalition
A group of political parties that contests elections or governs together, such as BN, PH, PN, GPS or GRS.
Undi18
The constitutional change that lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 and introduced automatic voter registration.
SPR
Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya, Malaysia's Election Commission, which administers federal and state elections and the electoral roll.
Winning majority
The winner's vote total minus the runner-up's vote total in a constituency. A smaller figure indicates a closer contest.
GE and SE
GE means General Election at federal level. SE means State Election for a particular state legislative assembly.